Saturday, August 30, 2014

Scaling up Excellence - Chapter 5

Here are some selected quotes from Chapter 5 of Scaling Up Excellence by Robert I. Sutton and Huggy Rao.  What you are not getting by just reading these quotes are the real life stories and examples which brings the principles to life. I know you would enjoy reading the stories and examples that go with these principles.

Chapter 5 - The People Who Propel Scaling:  Build Organizations Where "I Own the Place and the Place Owns Me"

"the capacity for effective scaling depends on both bringing in the right people (people with the right training and skills) and having people who feel compelled to act in the organization's best interests ('accountability') and who press one another to act that way too." p.139

"Many, perhaps most, organizations that scale effectively get the job done by depending less on hiring fully formed superstars and more on selecting promising people - and then teaching and motivating them to do exceptional work." p.142

7 means for identifying people who act as fif they own the place and it owns them.

1.  Squelch Free Riding

"When people feel accountable to their colleagues and customers, they feel obligated to expend extra effort and make sacrifices for the greater good." p. 150

2.  Inject Pride and Righteous Anger

"collective pride and aggressiveness . . . turn people's attention toward concerns that are larger than themselves, bind group or organization members together, and are contagious.  And they are more willing to take difficult, even personally risky, actions for the greater good." p. 155

3.  Bring in Guild-Prone Leaders

"A 2012 study suggests that when leaders are prone to feeling guilty, they are especially likely to display concern for others and to put the greater good ahead of their personal goals and glory.  ...guilt prone leaders have a strong sense of personal responsibility for their actions and are attuned to the impact of their decisions on others."  p. 159

"...guild-prone people often emerge as leaders because - to avoid feeling bad about not meeting their responsibilities or hurting others - they work hard and selflessly to help their groups and organization achieve goals."  p. 159

"...guilt-prone people are more likely to emerge as leaders and to be more effective leaders than others." p. 159

4.  "I'll be Watching You": Use Subtle Cues to Prime Accountability

5.  Create the Right "Gene Pool"

"Dearing observed that the most successful founders are prone to certain "cognitive distortions": biased, even objectively inaccurate, wasy they thin of themselves and filter information that enable them to make quicker and better decisions, bounce back from setbacks, and attract talent." p. 164

"Even when you heir the right people, the experiences and training you provide are crucial for spreading the right beliefs, behaviors, and skills.  In other words, the people make the place and the place makes the people." p. 165

"Scaling up an organization also requires constantly reconsidering the kinds of talent that you have, need, and ought to hire and incubate." p. 166

6.  Use Other Organizations as Your HR Department

7.  Hire People Prewired to Fit Your Mindset


Wednesday, August 27, 2014

Scaling Up Excellence, Chapter 4

Here are some selected quotes from Chapter 4 of Scaling Up Excellence by Robert I. Sutton and Huggy Rao.  What you are not getting by just reading these quotes are the real life stories and examples which brings the principles to life. This was one of my favorite chapters and I definitely learned somethings I didn't know before.

Chapter 4 Cut Cognitive Load

"...scaling entails subjecting people to an onslaught of unfamiliar, difficult, and upsetting changes and chores.  The sheer volume and complexity often overwhelms the 'working memory' of the individuals who do it, which produces blind spots and bad decisions and saps their willpower.  Researchers call this condition 'cognitive overload.'" p. 99

"As organizations expand and mature, rather than rationing or subtracting load, leaders and teams often pile on so many metrics, procedures, and chores that people lose the capacity and willpower to do the right things." p. 99

"...cognitive load is another reason that scaling is the Problem of More.  It can tax human minds and organizations beyond what they can bear.  When that happens, people ignore their best intentions, work on the wrong tasks, shift focus too often, and perform less well at everything they attempt." p. 101

"After devoting nearly fifty years to studying group effectiveness, the late J. Richard Hackman concluded that, for most tasks, the best size is four to six."p. 102

"Two Pizza Rule:  development teams can be no larger than the number of people who can be fed by two pizzas." p. 102

"Scaling requires a pehchant for parsimony, for understanding the nuances of an organization and its people so you can make things as simple as possible - but no simpler." p. 110

1.  Subtraction as a Way of Life

"Leaders and teams that spread excellence act the same way, ruthlessly spotting and removing crummy or useless rules, tools, and fools that colg up the works and cloud people's minds." p. 110

2. Make People Squirm

"If you aren't upsetting people, you aren't pushing hard enough." p. 117

"...people become risk averse and distraught at the 'prospect' of losing something they already have, even if they get something more valuable instead.  These negative reactions to losing something familiar are magnified when people invest time and effort in something." p. 118

3.  Bring on the Load Busters: Subtraction by Addition

"The writer Austin O'Malley said, 'Memory is a crazy old woman who hoards colored rags and throws away food .' Not only do human beings have lousy memories, but the things that we do recall, ruminate over, and act on are often trivial and useless - 'colored rags' that clog our consciousness, sapping ouir capacity to remember and act on more crucial concerns." p. 119

4.  Divide and Conquer

"The division of labor always creates demands for integration, especially when multiple teams and departments in different locations must mesh activities together in tight and timely ways.  Even when coordination is less daunting, every team and organization depends on people with enough general knowledge to grasp how the system fits together and enough particular knowledge about each part to do specific tasks well." p. 125

5.  Bolster Collective Brainpower: Increase Cognitive Capacity Instead of Adding More People

"There are times when outsiders bring fresh ideas that help broken organizations and projects abandon obsolete and destructive mindsets. . . . Yet too many tales of outsiders who gallop in to save the day don't have happy endings." p. 127

"Whether you are selecting a leader, scaling up a new team or organization, or running an existing project team, sticking with savvy insiders and stable teams and blending people who have worked together before are better paths.  Stable teams are more adept at drawing on each other's strengths and countering their weaknesses, and they mesh together their ideas and actions more efficiently and reliably." p. 127,128

"If you are forming a new team, or fixing an old one, try to bring in at least two or three people who have worked together effectively before." p. 128

"Speaking of talented women, if you want a smarter team, make sure that it has a lot of them.  Groups with higher percentages of women had greater 'collective intelligence,' performing better on cognitively demanding tasks, from 'visual puzzles to negotiations, brainstorming, games and complex rule-based design assignments." p. 129

"People also have a greater capacity when they aren't worn down by work and worry.  When people get enough sleep, they are more adept at difficult tasks, are more interpersonally sensitive, make better decisions, and are less likely to turn nasty." p. 130

Give Ground Grudgingly

"Scaling requires a balancing act.  The aim is to travel forward in the sweet spot between too much and too little complexity as your footprint expands to more people and places - and without swamping people with more load than they can handle." p. 132

"As organizations and programs grow, the same superflat hierarchy and lightweight systems that promoted success in the early days can gum up the works" p. 133

"The art of giving ground grudgingly requires biding your time and staying vigilant until clear but less than catastrophic problems pop up - a few muffed handoffs, minor screw ups by good people, or a surprising conflict."  p.135

"...running an organization as close to maximum capacity as possible for as long as possible is a recipe for scaling disaster." p. 135

Thursday, August 21, 2014

Scaling Up Excellence - Chapter 3

Here are some selected quotes from Chapter 3 of Scaling Up Excellence by Robert I. Sutton and Huggy Rao.  What you are not getting by just reading these quotes are the real life stories and examples which brings the principles to life.  I highly recommend you get this book.

Chapter 3 - Hot Causes, Cool Solutions: Stoking the Scaling Engine

"While arguments will persist over whether it is most effective or logical to first change beliefs or behavior, the two strategies are mutually reinforcing.  So as a practical matter, you can stoke the scaling engine by targeting beliefs, behavior, or both at once.  The key is creating and fueling a virtuous circle." p. 70

"Communicating a hot cause entails creating and sharing stories, symbols, language, reasons - the beliefs and emotions that flow from a mindset.  An effective hot cause unleashes strong feelings such as pride or righteous anger.  Such feelings make people feel powerful and in control of the world around them, which in turn triggers assertive and confident action.  The way that advocates communicate a hot cause is as important as it content:  nonverbal behaviors are especially crucial." p. 70

"When it comes to getting people to rally behind a hot cause, the key is creating experiences that generate 'communities of feeling.'" p. 70

"When the emphasis is on triggering beliefs alone, compelling talk may spread, but the constructive actions that are hallmarks for successful scaling usually will not.  Remember the ancient proverb: 'What I hear I forget, what I see I remember, and what I do I understand.'" p. 77

"To scale up excellence, leaders and teams need to keep finding ways to bolster belief in a hot cause (and the underlying mindset), persuade others to live that mindset (whether they believe in it or not), or better yet work both belief and behavior angles at the same time.  Her are some strategies for starting, sustaining, and accelerating this virtuous scaling circle." p. 79

1.  Name the Problem

"The right name provides a compact summary that helps people understand a challenge, explain it to others, and guides them to cool solutions." p. 79,80

2. Name the Enemy

"The 'name the enemy' strategy can be extremely effective. But it can also backfire." p. 83

3.  Do it Where All Can See

"Persuading people to take 'public' actions that demonstrate a commitment to a mindset or belief is a powerful means for stoking the behavior-belief cycle.  As psychologist Robert Cialdini contends: 'Whenever one takes a stand that is visible to others, there arises a drive to maintain that stand in order to look like a consistent person.'" p. 85

4.  Breach Assumptions

5.  Create Gateway Experiences and On-Ramps

"Gateway objects and experiences are equally valuable for paving the path to excellence - especially for guiding transitions to new behaviors and beliefs." p. 89

6.  New Rituals, Better Rituals

"Rituals can serve as on-ramps for creating or reinforcing a mindset - especially when they are performed in front of others, done by all, and repeated over and over." p. 90

"when a new leader or team takes charge, they can help modify the reigning mindset by changing the interaction rituals." p. 91

"A big pile of studies shows that putting forth effort to do something, doing it in front of others, and doing it voluntarily add up to a potent recipe for changing hearts and minds - and that is exactly what this new ritual accomplished." p. 91

7.  Lean on People Who Can't Leave Well Enough Alone.

"Picking people who will jump at the chance to live the new mindset - and sidelining or even firing those who resist such change - is often the first step to scaling up a new mindset." p. 92

Poetry, Plumbing, and Scaling up Excellence

"every skilled executive, manager, and supervisor is both a 'poet' and a 'plumber.'  The poetry part is mostly about communicating hot causes: creating beliefs via words, stories ceremonies, mission statements, goals and strategic plans to inspire and guide others.  The plumbing part is mostly about cool solutions - especially the nitty-gritty behavior required to ensure that planes or trains run on time, widgets or cars are built, grapes are grown and put in bottles of wine, or in our case students are taught and those books and papers written." p. 95


Ministry Matters: 5 keys to effective sermon preparation

Good article with links for supporting documents about sermon preparation

Ministry Matters: 5 keys to effective sermon preparation. http://google.com/newsstand/s/CBIwo7D1xho





Sent from Samsung tablet

Tuesday, August 19, 2014

Scaling Up Excellence - Chapter 2

Here are some more selected quotes from this powerful book on what it takes to scale an organization for effective growth.

Chapter 2 - Buddhism Versus Catholicism

"The best leaders and teams often strike the right balance between replication and customization, between Catholicism and Buddhism, by acting much as if they are working with Lego "bricks." There are some elements - not just individual bricks, but "sub assemblies" of multiple bricks - that they replicate overand over for every person and place, even if other factors vary widely." p. 39

"We've identified three diagnostic questions that can help you detect when a move is wise, which direction to head, and how to make it happen." p. 40

1.  Do You Suffer from Delusions of Uniqueness?

"...delusions of uniqueness...foster misguided Buddhism.  Too often we humans convince ourselves that proven rules or technologies don't apply to us or the apparently unique place or situation we are in, when, in fact, we are fooling ourselves." p. 42

2. Do You Have a Successful Template to Use as a Prototype?

"If you aren't sure, a good general rule is to start with a complete model or template that works elsewhere and watch for signs that certain aspects of the model aren't working and need to be rebuilt, replaced, or removed." p. 44

"basic rules of replication: It is essential to identify a template that can be 'seen' and 'touched' in a single, specific location." p. 45

3.  Will Bolstering Buddhism Generate Crucial Understanding, Commitment, and Innovation?

"Delusions that each of us is a special person in a special place can gum up the works.  Yet injecting a bit of Buddhism has advantages (beyond just enabling customization) that should be factored into scaling decisions." p. 48

"Tilting toward Buddhism is especially useful when you have the right mindset in your organization or project but don't yet have a complete template that has worked elsewhere.  If there isn't a proven model to start with, you need to experiment with different solutions to figure out what works." p. 49

Alone Versus Together

""our analysis always seemed to end up on the same place: the trad-offs and tensions between encouraging versus forbidding departures from template, practice, or behavior took center stage.  In other words, we eventually circled back the the Buddhism-Catholicism continuum no matter were our journey had begun." p. 52

"...risk goes down and efficiency goes up when - early on - leaders and teams have a complete template in a single specific location that they can see and touch (even if some elements are later changed to fit local needs and sensibilities)." p. 59

"The key to using the guardrail strategy is specifying as few constraints as you possibly can - picking those precious few that matter most and pack the biggest wallop, and then leaving people to steer between and around them as they see fit.  Keeping the list of constraints short also reduces the burden on leaders and teams that are charged with scaling and on front-line employees who are asked to live the new behaviors and beliefs." p. 63

"The challenge is to strip away as many unnecessary constraints as possible - to select a few crucial guardrails, tell and (especially) show everyone that crashing through such barriers produces unpleasant consequences - but otherwise allow people to take the paths that they believe are best." p. 63

Sunday, August 17, 2014

Scaling up Excellence - Chapter 1

Although I have mentioned this book, I don't think I have done it justice in my posts because there is simply too much here which needs to be heard.  Almost every organization wants to grow, that seems natural, yet most hit a plateau point which they just can't seem to get past.  I would suggest that the primary reason has to do with scaling issues addressed in this book.  I know from personal experience that organizations will continue to use tried and true processes even when there is growing evidence that those process which once facilitated growth are now, in fact, inhibiting growth. I plan to list quotes from every chapter but I highly recommend you buy the book, and then begin to think about these ideas in light of your own organization/church.

Here are some quotes from chapter one of Scaling up Excellence.

Chapter 1 It’s a Ground War, Not Just an Air War
“This is the most important thing that we learned, the one to keep in mind every day if you are bent on spreading excellence to more people and places:  those who master what venture capitalist Ben Horowitz calls ‘the black art of scaling a human organization’ act as if they are fighting a ground war, not just an air war.”   P. 3

Scaling Mantras

1.       Spread a mindset, Not just a footprint
“There is a big difference between distributing your banner, logo, or motto as far and wide as possible versus having a deep and enduring influence on how employees and customers think act, feel, and filter information” p. 7
2.       Engage All the Senses
“The upshot is that you can bolster a mindset by weaving together subtle, even nearly invisible, cues that engage multiple senses.” P. 16
3.       Link Short-Term Realities to Long-Term Dreams
“When someone at the Directors’ college asked Campbell about the most crucial skill for a senior executive, he said it was the rare ability (which Jobs had in spades) to make sure that the short-term stuff gets done and done well, while simultaneously never losing sight of the big picture.” P. 17
4.       Accelerate Accountability
“Accountability means that an organization is packed with people wo embody and protect excellence .(even when they are tired, and overburdened, and distracted)  who work vigorously to spread it to others, and who spot help, critique, and (when necessary) push aside colleagues who fail to live and spread it.” P. 20
5.       Fear the Clusterfug
“’the state of affairs resulting from too many staffers and not enough trained staffers on a project.’”p.24
6.       Scaling Requires both Addition and Subtraction
“In particular, a hallmark of successful scaling is that leaders remain vigilant about what ‘got us here but won’t get us there’ as author Marshall Goldsmith would put it.  There are beliefs, behaviors and rituals that once bolstered excellence but are now undermine it.” P. 28
7.       Slow Down to Scale Faster – and Better – Down the Road

“’The black art of scaling a human organization’ requires learning when and how to shift gears from fast to slow ways of thinking.’”p.31


Tuesday, August 12, 2014

The Skills Leaders Need at Every Level - Harvard Business Review

Interesting reading and in line with solid leadership principles.


The Skills Leaders Need at Every Level - Harvard Business Review

Saturday, August 09, 2014

Holiness - What Do You Know of Holy?????

I grew up hearing holiness sermons, yet they seem rare today, why is that?

"One nationwide study from Barna Group found that "the concept of holiness baffles most Americans." When asked to describe what it means to be holy, the most common reply was "I don't know." Of those identified as "born again," only 46 percent believed "God has called them to holiness." The study concluded, "The results portray a body of Christians who attend church and read the Bible, but do not understand the concept or significance of holiness, do not personally desire to be holy, and therefore do little, if anything to pursue it."  This is an excerpt from How We Forget The Holiness of God" by Drew Dyck Click on the link to read the entire article - I highly recommend it.

A few years ago the group Addison Road recorded a song:  What Do I Know of Holy



This song echoes the message from the quote above, i.e. not many know what holiness is nor do they consider it important.  It seems to me that the doctrine which formed the foundation of the denomination I love and in which I have served for most of my life is being allowed to evaporate.  Is holiness simply too old fashioned a concept to be relevant today?  I don't think so, yet I have heard (unsubstantiated) that our colleges and seminary have so "mellowed" on this doctrine that even our Ministry graduates are left confused.

When was the last time you heard the term: Second Blessing Holiness?  Ever?  Lets get back to our foundation and recognize the awesome and terrifying God we serve.  Are we "Called Unto Holiness," or not?

Saturday, August 02, 2014

Strategic Thinking

I see evidences practically every day of decisions that are made in the moment, for the moment, without thought for the long-term consequences of the decision.  I understand that some decisions have to be made quickly.  I also understand the danger of getting trapped into a thought process which practically insures that no decision ever gets made while pondering the long-term.  But, there is a middle ground!  There is almost always time to carefully consider the implication of a decision upon the long-term goals and weigh that decision against the short-term. 

Too little consideration is given by new managers to one of the greatest dangers that every middle manager faces:  Precedent. Precedent is one of the most dangerous and slippery enemies managers face.  By thinking that a decision exists in a moment in time, managers and leaders miss the reality that everything is connected to everything else; that every decision has a consequence broader than the obvious and that there may be implications from even a seemingly harmless decision which can spiral out of control.

For example, you make a decision to allow a policy to be overridden due to special circumstances for one employee or student, believing they will honor your grace  by keeping it to themselves.  But NOTHING is ever kept secret and soon other employees/students are clamoring for the same exemption, or thinking about bringing a lawsuit against you for not allowing the exemption.

The answer is to SLOW down long enough to think about the consequences of the decision, the possible implications of precedent and whether or not the benefit provided to the one is worth the possible harm to the many.  As Spock said, "the needs of the many outweigh the needs of the one."

If, on the other hand, you still feel there needs to be some accommodation, then volunteer yourself or your personal resources to meet the need (although charges of favoritism could could still be leveled)

It is always a balance of meeting the needs of the one without destroying the institution which supports the many.  That is one of the great burdens of leaders; to walk that tightrope and THINK STRATEGICALLY.

.